منطق مسئله‌یابی در علوم ارتباطات: مطالعه فرآیند انتخاب موضوع رساله در دانشگاه‌های تهران و علامه طباطبائی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترای علوم ارتباطات دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
2 دانشیار علوم ارتباطات و عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
10.22034/jcsc.2025.2073108.2869
چکیده
این پژوهش با هدف واکاوی فرآیند مسئله‌یابی و انتخاب موضوع رساله در رشته علوم ارتباطات در دو دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی و تهران انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر با رویکردی کیفی و با به‌کارگیری «تحلیل مضمون» به عنوان تکنیک طبقه‌بندی داده‌ها و «تحلیل گفتمان» به عنوان چارچوب تجزیه و تحلیل و تفسیر یافته‌ها انجام شد. داده‌ها از طریق 15 مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته با استادان راهنمای رساله‌ها این حوزه گردآوری و تحلیل شد. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد مسئله‌یابی نه یک فرآیند عقلانی/اکتشافی صرف، بلکه عرصه‌ای از مبارزه گفتمانی است. دانشجویان با استراتژی‌هایی چون «کم‌ریسکی»، «سرمایه اجتماعی»، «مدگرایی» و «عقلانیت ابزاری» به کنش می‌پردازند. این کنش‌ها درون ساختاری صورت می‌گیرد که توسط هنجارهای آکادمیک، محدودیت‌های نهادی/سیاسی و نقش واسطه‌ای استادان شکل داده شده و تحت تأثیر گفتمان‌های مسلطی مانند فضای سیاسی و تحولات فناورانه (مانند هوش مصنوعی) قرار دارد. پیامد این تعامل پیچیده، عمدتا بازتولید «روزمرگی آکادمیک» و تبدیل رساله به یک «تکلیف بوروکراتیک» است تا فرصتی برای تولید معرفت مسئله‌محور. تحلیل گفتمان داده‌ها نشان می‌دهد که دانشگاه به مثابه یک «میدان» بوردیویی، در دام گفتمان‌های قدرت افتاده و رسالت اصلی خود را در پیوند با مسائل اجتماعی از دست داده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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